The things that make me laugh, weep, and live.
Published on July 29, 2004 By Shulamite In Misc
Anyone who’s spent anytime on my site knows I’m a proud Southerner, ready to share the richness of our heritage. Something I’ve been meaning to write on is the amazing word “Y’all.”

My daughter is watching an episode of Scooby-Doo that has a ghost of a confederate soldier in it right now. The ghost used the word “y’all.” He used it incorrectly. Now that just grates under my skin. It made me think some instruction on the word’s proper usage might be in order.

“Y’all” is a contraction of the words “you” and “all.” This has many implications that follow. First, the word can NEVER be directed toward one individual. You cannot, for instance, say to your Aunt Sarah Faye, “When y’all gonna have that pecan pie ready?” if she’s the only one cooking. If she and Aunt Lucy Nell are baking the pie, then it is appropriate.

Second, the word is often misspelled. Because it is a conjunction of “you” and “all,” the apostrophe is obviously placed where the letters are taken out of the words. Never can it be spelled “Ya’ll” no matter how symmetrically attractive this is.

Third, the word is gender neutral. I think this is why I prefer the word to the Northern phrase “you guys.” Certainly, I’m not a feminist grammarian who insists all references to an anonymous individual be gender neutral or offer both male and female forms; I am completely fine with saying “Man” for all of humanity and the like. However, when I’m talking to some friends or any group personally, the gender neutral phrase “y’all” is certainly more accurate because of the personal nature of address.

As an English major, I think something rather striking about the word’s usage is its peculiar nature. It can handle more than one apostrophe. In print, admittedly, this looks ridiculous. However, in speech, it is quite common in the South and indeed, very useful. For example, we might ask, “Is y’all’s pie ready?” Yes, the word “your” may become plural and eradicate the need for both apostrophes altogether, but when speaking Southern dialect, the former is simply more natural. An instance where the double apostrophe works with a helping verb: “Don’t forget, y’all’ve got to bake two more, later.” You’ve got the pattern down by now, I’m sure.

Another peculiarity about “y’all” is that it is used in the South, but also in mainstream black culture. Most hip hop videos and cd’s prefer the word. I’m not sure how the word spread in the manner, but I’d be interested in theories.

I hope you will give the word a spontaneous spin this week. If you write the word, be sure you spell it correctly. Enjoy the word and let me know about any reactions you have when using it. Also, let me know if there is some sort of Yankee Code of Ethics barring its usage among yanks. When much younger, I dated a northerner who simply refused to use the word though he’d lived in Texas for years. A student I taught from Michigan utterly despised the word. How do Yankees feel about the word and why?

Comments
on Jul 29, 2004
Shulamite, can you help me with the usage of he phrase all y'all or if it is a word ally'all. I find Southern English easy to understand when spoken, but difficult when writte. For example is this spelled correctly dyoueatchet (did you eat yet) yunto (you want to). I would be very interested in more on this subject
on Jul 29, 2004
thanks for the help with "Jeetyet" what about "yunto"?
on Jul 29, 2004
EXACTLY, little whip! Thank you!

Q, "all y'all" is the way I'd write it. And yes, I'm guilty of saying it. I know it's utterly redundant, but, according to my History of the English Language course, it comes from Irish roots. We say "he himself," "her ownself," and such redundancies because of Irish dialect's spread through the south at a crucial point in history.

Yes, spelling Southern dialect could be crazy if you're not a southerner. My advice is to forget how it SHOULD look, and as Little Whip says, go with how it sounds. And we really do add several syllables where none exist. The word "pulpit" becomes two distinct words in fact. "Pul pit," with the pit dragged out to "pe-it." In older southern dialects, specifically East Texan, Tomatos may have been "maters" and okra "okry." The sink was the "zink" and "s" sometimes changed to "sh" as in "crystal" --> "Cryshtal." Because of the wide geography of the south, such transpositions and replacements are almost unpredictable as one moves accross the south. Each area has a unique dialect, to be sure.

A friend of mine with an ENORMOUS country accent said, "You think WE talk funny? You should hear them folks from Mississippi talk. THEY'RE country."
on Jul 29, 2004
oh. Sorry. "Ya-Ont-to?" would be my guess, unless Little Whip has another suggestion. Were I writing it in a novel or such, I'd write, "Ya wont to?" or "Ya 'ont to?" perhaps.
on Jul 29, 2004
my favorite is how the "washer" becomes the "warsher" for no apparent reason.
on Jul 29, 2004

my favorite is how the "washer" becomes the "warsher" for no apparent reason.


My husband's family say that.  He says he trained himself to NOT do it anymore...they also say 'pitcher' instead of 'picture'.


"J'won yer pitcher made?" = Would you a like me to take a photgraph of you?


I'm guilty of using "y'all" and also of saying "fixing to" as in 'getting ready to'.


 

on Jul 29, 2004
Y'all is singular
All Y'all is plural

And then there is

All Y'all's

Ex: All Y'all's can just kiss my ass.
on Jul 29, 2004
Can I chime in with a little bit out South Western UK dialiect??! Instead of saying "Where is that?", and real Devonshire Lass or Lad will say "Where's he to?". So every object becomes male! It makes me laugh, anyway : ) An example would be:

If someone was looking for a pen (maybe they had lost it, maybe it had been stolen - who knows!), then they might say: "Where's that pen to? Where's he to?!"

And, if they were directing it at someone else, then they would most likely add "My lover" on the end! The person in question certainly doesn't have to actually be their lover, but it's just a term of endearance! e.g. "Do you know where my pen's to, my lover?"

I have no idea how write this phonetically, I'm afraid (it's said with a strong accent!), but if I figure it out, I'll let y'all know! Hah!

Aria
on Jul 29, 2004
Fa-reaking hicks!
on Jul 29, 2004

"Do you know where my pen's to, my lover?"


Yeah, I remember a lot of that from holidays in Cornwall and Devon....I suppose the best way to write it phonetically is 'luvvrrrrr'.  That's an accent that I can't reproduce, no matter how hard I try!

on Jul 29, 2004
For this reason, I absolutely adore the phonetic alphabet. But it's a fat lot of good without the verbal explanation to go with it, eh? Maybe I'll find it online, set up a nice link, and we can write such beautiful treasures using the phonetic alphabet to more accurately explain how to say something!

For instance, here in this part of Texas, we have a grocery chain called "Brookshire's." We all know to pronounce it "Brook-shur's" as in the same way such names are pronounced in the lovely dialects of the UK. (as in Devonshire above.) However, those from outside our local area always say "Brook-shy-ers," giving it three syllables. If you didn't know Devonshire or even the Cheshire cat were pronounced with the "shur," you'd certainly have no clue from the spelling. (I think that actually makes the Southern slurring of Sherrif into "Shurrf" more authentic, eh?)

Aria -- fantastic! I will promptly begin trying out the new phrase at once, despite the odd looks I may receive. Such things give me an odd joy.

CS guy -- I suppose your a cultural superiorist? Why is your culture so worthy of obeiscence? I have a suspicion you're midwestern... speaking of, we southerns get a huge kick out of throwing in a "You want to come with?" every once in a while, an obvious allusion to our Yankee neighbors...

Nonsense -- And I return the favor: Poppycock. Y'all is always always always plural. What's your credibility, exactly? In other words, "where ya from?"
on Jul 29, 2004
CS guy -- I suppose your a cultural superiorist? Why is your culture so worthy of obeiscence? I have a suspicion you're midwestern... speaking of, we southerns get a huge kick out of throwing in a "You want to come with?" every once in a while, an obvious allusion to our Yankee neighbors...


No, actually I was born and raised and spent my first 32 years in the South. Virginia for 3 years, Tennessee for 15 years, Mississippi for 12 years, and Alabama for 2 years (in that order).
on Jul 29, 2004
Born, bred, and collard-green fed? Very interesting!
on Jul 29, 2004
Born, bred, and collard-green fed?

See, now you are just making me miss that ole shack in Mississippi that had the best catfish and greens.
on Jul 29, 2004
The catfish was most certainly fried... extra crispy! With Hush Puppies!